Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland.It can be infectious or non-infectious.Regardless of the form of the disease, complex treatment of prostatitis is necessary, including drug and non-drug therapy.
Types of prostatitis and treatment
Due to the development, infectious and non-infectious prostatitis are distinguished.
Infectious diseases are caused by the activity of pathogenic agents that cause inflammation of the prostate.Depending on the type of pathogen, bacterial or fungal inflammation is distinguished.This disease can be triggered by both the activity of opportunistic microorganisms, which are always present in the male body, and by sexual infections, for example, chlamydia or trichomonas.
This disease develops against the background of decreased immunity.In most cases, this type of prostatitis is caused by opportunistic microorganisms, for example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus.A healthy body is able to resist infection, but inflammation develops against the background of decreased immunity.
Non-infectious prostatitis is the result of an inactive lifestyle.Its development is caused by congestion in the pelvic organs - impaired blood circulation, lymph flow, or stagnation of prostate secretions.Factors that trigger the development of this form of inflammation:
- hypothermia;
- decreased immunity;
- physical inactivity;
- obesity;
- irregular sex life.
It is believed that congestive prostatitis is a disease of office workers.The disease develops against the background of physical inactivity, as a result of which metabolism decreases and prostate trophism is disturbed.
Men's sex life plays an important role in the development of congestive prostatitis.Lack of sexual activity leads to a decrease in the tone of the prostate gland and stagnation of secretion.This causes organ swelling and the development of inflammation.At the same time, excessive sexual activity (more than 2-3 sexual acts per day) leads to exhaustion of organs and can also cause the development of diseases.
According to the nature of the course, prostatitis is divided into acute and chronic.The acute form is characterized by worsening of certain symptoms, including:
- frequent urge to urinate;
- pain and burning in the urethra;
- bladder spasms;
- pain in the perineum;
- erectile dysfunction.
The process of urinating is accompanied by severe pain in the urethra, which is caused by the compression of the urethra by the enlarged prostate.
Acute prostatitis can be treated quite successfully with timely administration of adequate drug therapy.If there is no proper treatment, it becomes chronic.This disease is accompanied by the weakness of male sexual function and various disorders of the urinary system.
Chronic prostatitis can be either infectious or non-infectious.In both cases, it is characterized by periodic exacerbations, where the symptoms become acute.The severity of the disease is mainly associated with decreased immunity.
An integrated approach to treatment
Before starting treatment, the patient must undergo all examinations to identify the type of inflammatory process and the type of pathogen.To do this, an analysis of prostate secretions is performed, ultrasound and MRI of the organ is performed.
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes:
- drug therapy;
- increase immunity;
- physiotherapeutic methods;
- diet therapy;
- lifestyle changes.
Drug therapy depends on the form of the disease.For infectious inflammation, the main treatment is antibacterial drugs.Their selection is based on the results of prostate analysis.
For non-infectious prostatitis in the acute stage, anti-inflammatory drugs are used for symptomatic treatment.The main part of therapy is carried out with drugs that normalize organ function.
Complex treatment of prostatitis necessarily includes taking drugs to increase immunity.These can be either local agents (rectal suppositories) or immunomodulators in tablets.The choice of medicine is made only by the doctor.
For bacterial prostatitis, the basis of treatment is to fight the infection;for stagnant prostatitis, it is to improve the function of the gland.
Antibacterial therapy
Comprehensive prostatitis treatment begins with medications to relieve symptoms, which normalize prostate function and improve well-being.For infectious prostatitis, the basis of therapy is antibiotics.
The following groups of drugs are used for treatment:
- penicillin;
- tetracycline;
- macrolides;
- fluoroquinolones.
Penicillins and tetracyclines are used relatively rarely in urological practice due to the low effectiveness of treatment and a large number of side effects.Pathogenic microorganisms that trigger the inflammatory process quickly develop resistance to the action of drugs of this group, which negatively affects the therapeutic effect of drugs.
However, relatively good results are achieved by taking combined drugs.
In most cases, macrolide drugs are prescribed.Their advantages lie in a wide spectrum of action, good tolerance by the organism and high bioavailability, with which the drug components penetrate into the prostate tissue.
Recently, doctors are increasingly choosing drugs from the fluoroquinolone group.This is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial drug that has several advantages over conventional antibiotics.
Since fluoroquinolones, unlike antibiotics, are completely synthetic drugs that do not have natural analogues, treatment with these drugs is more effective due to the lack of development of resistance in pathogens.
Fluoroquinolones quickly penetrate prostate tissue, are well received by the body and rarely cause side effects.Most often, doctors prescribe drugs containing levofloxacin.Therapy takes at least 28 days, the drug is taken 1-2 tablets.The exact dose and dosage regimen is selected by the doctor individually.In some cases, intramuscular administration of the drug can be prescribed, in which case the course of treatment is reduced.
Anti-inflammatory drugs
For the complex treatment of non-infectious chronic prostatitis, anti-inflammatory drugs are used.
Such drugs have a symptomatic effect, eliminate pain and stop the inflammatory process.It is advisable to prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs in suppositories - thanks to this form of release, the active substance enters directly into the tissue of the prostate gland.
For infectious inflammation, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed in short courses to relieve symptoms, but for non-infectious prostatitis they are the main line of treatment, because antibiotics are not used for this form of the disease.
To treat congestive prostatitis, bioactive drugs are often used to normalize prostate function.
As a rule, this is a preparation based on an extract from the prostate gland of young bulls.This drug increases prostate trophism, relieves inflammation and reduces swelling.For non-infectious prostatitis, it is used over a long period of time to treat inflammation.For bacterial inflammation of the prostate, this drug is indicated to restore organ function after antibiotic therapy.
For congestive prostatitis, suppositories with propolis and bee products, ichthyol or pumpkin oil are often prescribed.The drugs aim to normalize prostate trophism, have an anti-inflammatory effect and increase local immunity.
Drugs to increase immunity
During the complex treatment of prostatitis, the prostate gland is exposed to various drugs.To prevent the redevelopment of the disease after a course of treatment, a set of measures to increase immunity is indicated.
For this purpose the following is set:
- preparations with zinc;
- tablets with echinacea extract;
- vitamin complex;
- vitamin E.
For the normal function of the prostate gland, zinc, selenium and vitamin E are needed.Urologists often prescribe bioactive supplements high in this substance.
It is also recommended to take a vitamin course designed specifically for men.The drugs contain a complex of substances aimed at normalizing the function of the genitourinary system.
To reduce the risk of exacerbation and recovery after antibacterial therapy, injections of echinacea extract are prescribed, but this drug is no less effective in tablet form.
For chronic prostatitis, a vitamin complex should be taken twice a year to reduce the risk of exacerbation.
Physiotherapy and massage
For chronic prostatitis, physiotherapy is prescribed to eliminate congestion.Usually acupuncture, methods of current and magnetic influence, darsonvalization are used.For bacterial inflammation, such a method is not used, because it can provoke the spread of pathogenic agents throughout the body through the bloodstream.
If prostate trophism is affected, a rectal sequence is indicated.Such a procedure is carried out by a qualified specialist - a urologist or proctologist.A massage course consists of 10 to 15 procedures.
Physiotherapy stimulates blood circulation in the pelvic organs, removes lymph stagnation and normalizes the outflow of prostate secretions.A course of procedures allows you to restore the normal function of the organ and has a positive effect on potency.
Surgical treatment
Surgical treatment of prostatitis is carried out only in case of complications.
With infectious prostatitis, the formation of a prostate abscess is possible.This requires immediate admission of the patient and manipulation, where the abscess is opened and the contents are removed.
With chronic prostatitis, narrowing of the urethra is possible, which leads to acute urinary retention.In this case, surgery is performed and a catheter is inserted to remove urine.In addition, in cases of severe disease, fibrosis may develop, as a result of which scars appear on the prostate tissue.In this case, the operation is performed while the compaction area is removed using a laser.
Lifestyle and nutrition
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes changing lifestyle, normalizing diet and abandoning bad habits.The diet for prostate inflammation is not strict, but does not include any fast food, semi-finished products, and smoked food.Alcohol and smoking must be avoided.
You should include foods that are good for men's health in your diet:
- avocado;
- pumpkin seed and olive oil;
- nuts and honey;
- citrus;
- pumpkin seeds;
- fermented milk products.
If you have congestive prostatitis, you should exercise regularly.Physical activity should be aimed at normalizing blood circulation in the lower body.
An important role is played by the sex life of the patient.If you have prostatitis, you need frequent sex, at least 3 times a week.At the same time, excessive sexual activity is unacceptable, because it wears out the prostate.
Otherwise, adequate drug therapy, proper nutrition and abandoning bad habits will help you get rid of prostatitis.However, after inflammation, a man is recommended to visit a urologist every year and undergo a comprehensive examination of the prostate gland.